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Definition of Timbre, the Result of Instrument Harmonics
Each instrument produces its own “overtone signature”—its own characteristic array of relative loudness levels of each harmonic. That’s what gives rise to an instrument’s unique tone color or quality, which is called timbre. And that’s why you can instantly differentiate the sounds of numerous musical instruments.
Your brain can do this for all manner of different sound sources, not just musical instruments. Practically any source of sound. They all produce overtones, each with its own characteristic overtone signature.
Your voice and all other human voices have unique overtone signatures. You can easily tell different human voices apart, even when you can’t see who’s talking or singing. This capability of the human brain makes possible industries such as radio broadcasting and sound recording.